The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.